What common effect do inhaled corticosteroids have in respiratory therapy?

Inhaled corticosteroids are a cornerstone in respiratory therapy, particularly for treating conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They are primarily used to reduce airway inflammation, which is a significant factor in these diseases. By acting directly on the airways, inhaled corticosteroids decrease the production of inflammatory mediators, diminish mucosal edema, and reduce airway hyperreactivity. This leads to improved airflow and better overall lung function for patients.

The focus of inhaled corticosteroids is on managing inflammation rather than affecting other physiological parameters like heart rate or mucus viscosity. While they help improve airway function, they do not directly enhance the cough reflex but instead may contribute to better respiratory mechanics and comfort. Thus, the primary and most critical effect of inhaled corticosteroids in respiratory therapy is their ability to reduce airway inflammation.